Frequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked Questions About Breaking and Entering Charges
Breaking and entering allegations can involve different circumstances and evidence. These general answers explain common legal questions, but the outcome and available options depend on the facts of an individual case.
What section of the Criminal Code covers breaking and entering?
Section 348 of the Criminal Code addresses breaking and entering with intent to commit an indictable offence, breaking and entering and committing an indictable offence, and certain circumstances involving breaking out. It provides different statutory consequences depending on whether the place is a dwelling-house or another type of place.
Does breaking and entering require property to be stolen?
No. Section 348 can apply where a person allegedly breaks and enters a place with the intent to commit an indictable offence, even if the alleged offence is not successfully completed. The prosecution must still establish the required elements of the applicable offence based on the evidence presented in the criminal case.
What does “breaking” mean under Canadian law?
The concept is not limited to physically smashing a door or window. Section 350 provides that a person may be deemed to have broken and entered where entrance was obtained through a threat, artifice, collusion, or through a permanent or temporary opening without lawful justification or excuse.
Can someone be charged if they had permission to enter?
The circumstances surrounding permission can be legally significant. A genuine lawful authorization to enter may affect the prosecution's allegations, but the legal analysis depends on the nature, scope, and circumstances of the alleged permission. Anyone facing a charge should have the specific facts reviewed by a criminal defence lawyer before drawing conclusions.
What evidence can be used in a break and enter case?
Police may rely on surveillance footage, eyewitness accounts, fingerprints, DNA, photographs, property records, digital information, statements, or physical evidence. The significance of each item depends on its reliability and connection to the alleged offence. Defence counsel can review the disclosure to identify inconsistencies, weaknesses, and relevant legal issues.
Can breaking and entering involve other criminal charges?
Yes. An investigation may result in additional allegations, depending on the circumstances. These could include theft, possession of property obtained by crime, mischief, weapons-related offences, or other criminal charges. Each offence has its own legal requirements, so the defence should assess the complete set of allegations rather than examining the breaking and entering charge alone.
What are the possible penalties for breaking and entering?
Section 348 provides that breaking and entering a dwelling-house is an indictable offence carrying a maximum penalty of life imprisonment. For a place other than a dwelling-house, the indictable offence has a maximum term of 10 years, or may be prosecuted by summary conviction. Sentencing depends on the circumstances.
Should I speak with a lawyer after being charged?
Obtaining legal advice promptly can help you understand the charge, your rights, the evidence, and the criminal justice process. A lawyer can review the circumstances and explain available legal options. Avoid assuming that the appropriate strategy is the same for every case, because the evidence and allegations can differ substantially.